Variables, Numbers & Maths

Python Integers basics

Below are some base point used in Python for integers

Integers are created in python using following rules

• Python is a case sensitive language
• Integer’s starts with alphabet or an underscore, followed by 0 or more alphabets letters, including _, digits.
• Keywords are not used as integer in Python.

Keywords

• All keywords used in Python are case sensitive
• Python uses 33 keywords, some of them are given below
• False,del,for,in,or,while,break,elif,from,is,pass,with,                                                             true,else,class,raise,and,continue,except,if,returm,as.

Some of the keywords can also be obtained by below statement

• Import < “keyword”>
• Print(keyword.kwname)

Python Types

Python has following built-in types, mentioned below. We will see some of them by some example

Basic Types: Int, float, complex, bool, string, bytes

Let’s understand some of them with some example.

Int:

These can be expressed in binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal

• Binary: 0 or 1
• Decimal: 12.34, -23.45, 31.4e2
• Complex : 3+2j, 1+4j
• Bool: True or False
• String: “dclessons”

Container Type:

it can be defined as list, tuple, set, dict

• List: it contains list of similar or dissimilar items. [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,] , [‘alo’,’bhi’,12,45,]
• Tuple: it contains collection of static items. (‘dclessons’, 45, ‘let learns python’)
• Set: It is collection of unique values. { 10,20,30,40} , {‘dclessons’, 23,45}

Variables:

In python, we don’t need to define the type of variable. As soon as we assign the value to variable, it inherits its type based on type of values.

Example:

• A=10: a inherits the int type
• A= ‘dc’: A inherits its type as string
• A= 10.34: A inherits its type as float

Multiple variable can also be assigned in Python

Example:

• A = 11; dc=23.2; add=’NZ’
• A,dc, add= 11,23,2,’NZ’
• A = x = y = z = 10

We can also check the type of variable by using built-in function type ()

A = 10.23

Print (type (A))

This command will return the value float. : <class 'float'>

Arithmetic Operators

Below are list of Arithmetic operator used in python

+ , - , * , / , % , // , **

Let’s see what the function of some of them:

%: always gives the remainder 1.

5%2 = 1

Let’s see another feature of %, Operation of X%Y can be seen as x-(y*(x//y))

Print (10%3) = 10-(3*(10//3)) = 1

Like wise

• Print (-10%3) = 2
• Print(3%10)= 3
• Print(-3%10) = 7

**: Yields for exponential values

2**3 = 2 raised to power 3 = 8

//: It returns quotient 1 after discarding fraction part.

• 5//2 = 1
• Print (10//3) = 3
• Print 10//-3) = 3
• Print (3//10) = 0
• Print (-3/10) = -1

Example 1: Lets learn some exercise for operator

Example 2:

In-Place Operators:

In-Place operator are those operator which are used mostly for shortcuts. These include +=, *=, %=, //=, **=.

Let’s see by example:

• A** = 3 is same as A= A**3
• B%=5 is same as B= B%5

Operator Precedence

Operator Precedence As we know that there are math’s operator, and they follow some precedence, so let’s see how they take precedence n python

When multiple operator are used in any arithmetic, it is used on the basis of priority based on rule said as (PEMDAS).

• (): Parentheses
• **: Exponentiation
• *, /, //, %: multiplication, division
• +, - : Addition, Subtraction